Peru 2019
Yearbook 2019
Peru. The long political struggle between President Martín Vizcarra and Congress finally came to a decision during five tense days at the end of September. Vizcarra had, in a TV speech, already proposed at the end of July with a year of elections that should have actually been held in April 2021. The intention was to renew the composition of Congress, where a majority has stopped almost all anti-corruption legislation, especially the right-wing People’s Force (FP). On September 27, Vizcarra threatened to dissolve the Congress itself if it did not accept a vote to change the rules for appointing the Constitutional Court members, hitherto appointed by Congress. One-third of congressmen accepted Vizcarra’s proposal, while the rest declared him unfit for president and suspended him from the presidential post for twelve months. Vice President Mercedes Aráoz temporarily took over the post. Congress finally decided to follow Vizcarra’s line and advance the elections to January 26, 2020.
Opinion polls showed that Vizcarra had popular support for its campaign and had good chances of winning the election. In October, 85% of those polled supported his decision to dissolve Congress and his popularity increased from 52% to 82% in just one month. At the same time, the opposition party FP was greatly weakened. The party is strongly linked to the corruption scandal surrounding Brazilian construction company Odebrecht, and party leader Keiko Fujimori himself is in jail, convicted of corruption.
- ABBREVIATIONFINDER.ORG: Click to see the meanings of 3-letter acronym and abbreviation of PER in general and in geography as Peru in particular.
A shocking event was former President Alan Garcías (1985–1990, 2006–1) suicide on April 17. He was also charged with involvement in the Odebrecht scandal and was to be arrested by police in his Lima home when he shot himself in the head. Three days of mourning were announced.
In the Arequipa region in the southeast, a major strike broke out in July in protest of President Vizcarra’s decision to proceed with copper mining around the “Tía María” deposit, which was already the subject of major protests in 2015. The protest movement wanted the project to be shut down forever while the government insisted that it would generate large financial income.
Lima
Lima, the capital of Peru; 9.75 million input (2016). Lima holds over a 1/4 of the country’s population and is its absolute economic center. The city is growing rapidly and large sections of the population are living in poverty. All major companies have their headquarters in the city, which is at the same time the center of government administration, education and culture and communication.
It almost never rains in Lima, which is in the Peruvian coastal desert, and plant growth depends largely on the misty mist, Garúa, which covers the city from April to December.
Despite several earthquakes, many original houses are preserved in the old city center, which is built in Moorish-Spanish style with long, straight streets and many open spaces. In the center are also countless churches and monasteries; the oldest church, La Merced, was built in 1535 and rebuilt after the earthquake in 1746. The University of San Marcos of 1551 is the oldest in South America.
Lima is closely linked to its port city, Callao, where also the international airport, Jorge Chávez, is located.
A large part of Peru’s industrial enterprises are located along the road between Lima and Callao, including very large chemical factories, automobile factories and other metal industries, but also smaller companies manufacturing consumer goods, textiles and food. Many do license production on the basis of foreign-owned patents.
Department of Lima, 33,821 km2, approximately 7.8 million inb. (2005), agricultural production (cereals, fruits, vegetables) for the capital’s large market.
History
The city was founded under the name Ciudad de los Reyes in 1535 by the Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro, whose earthly remains are stored in the cathedral (begun 1564). Despite the not very inviting coastal climate, the Spaniards wanted a colonial capital near the sea, so that contact with the other Spanish possessions and the mother country was eased.
The city, which was built at Río Rimac approximately 15 km from the coast, Cuzco succeeded as Peru’s administrative center, and until independence Lima was the seat of the Spanish Viceroys and the most important city in South America.
In the first half of the 1800-t. the city began to grow, but it wasn’t until about 1920 when it had fewer than 200,000 residents that the development really took off. Today, Lima extends all the way to the coast, where the commercial centers and wealthy neighborhoods are located. Miraflores.
The migration of poor people from the highlands has exploded, and 2-4 million. of the residents live in the slums, the so-called pueblos jóvenes, which surround Lima.
From the 1980’s to the early 1990’s, the city was particularly troubled by the activities of the luminous path terrorist movement, and from 1996-97 the Japanese embassy hit a four-month hostage deal, which ended when the hostages from the MRTA (Movimento Revolucionario Tupac Amaru) hostage was defeated and killed by the Peruvian military.
Population 2019
According to CountryAAH, the population of Peru in 2019 was 32,510,342, ranking number 43 in the world. The population growth rate was 1.630% yearly, and the population density was 25.3988 people per km2.
